Iraq was defeated by a 39-country coalition led by the United States. Later, Saddam accused its ally Kuwait of slant-drilling Iraqi oil fields and occupied Kuwait, initiating the Gulf War (1990–1991). In September 1980, Saddam abrogated the Algiers Agreement and invaded Iran, marking the start of the Iran–Iraq War (1980–1988), which resulted in a stalemate ceasefire. Positions of power in the country were mostly filled with Sunni Arabs, a minority that made up only a fifth of the population. Following al-Bakr's resignation in 1979, Saddam formally took power in 1979, although he had already been the de facto head of Iraq for several years. He presided over the Second Iraqi–Kurdish War (1974–1975). Saddam nationalised the Iraq Petroleum Company, diversifying the Iraqi economy. He played a key role in the 17 July Revolution and was appointed vice president by Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr. He joined the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party in 1957, and the Baghdad-based Ba'ath Party, and its regional organization, the Iraqi Ba'ath Party. Saddam was born in Al-awja saladin govornorate near Tikrit to a prominent Sunni Muslim family. He was a leading member of the revolutionary Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party, and later, the Baghdad-based Ba'ath Party and its regional organization, the Iraqi Ba'ath Party, which espoused Ba'athism, a mix of Arab nationalism and Arab socialism. He also served as prime minister of Iraq, first from 16 July 1979 until 23 March 1991, and later from to 9 April 2003. Saddam Hussein (28 April 1937– 30 December 2006) was an Iraqi politician and revolutionary who was the fifth president of Iraq, from 16 July 1979 until 9 April 2003. Regional Secretary of the Regional Command of the Iraqi Regional Branch Secretary General of the National Command of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party Mohammad Bahr al-Ulloum (as Acting President of the Governing Council of Iraq) Though the execution of Iraqi terror plots was not always successful, evidence shows that Saddam’s use of terrorist tactics and his support for terrorist groups remained strong up until the collapse of the regime.Jay Garner (as Director of the Office for Reconstruction and Humanitarian Assistance of Iraq)Ĭhairman of the Revolutionary Command Council At times, these organizations would work together in pursuit of shared goals but still maintain their autonomy and independence because of innate caution and mutual distrust. This created both the appearance of and, in some ways, a “de facto” link between the organizations. Because Saddam’s security organizations and Osama bin Laden’s terrorist network operated with similar aims (at least in the short term), considerable overlap was inevitable when monitoring, contacting, financing, and training the same outside groups. While these documents do not reveal direct coordination and assistance between the Saddam regime and the al Qaeda network, they do indicate that Saddam was willing to use, albeit cautiously, operatives affiliated with al Qaeda as long as Saddam could have these terrorist–operatives monitored closely. Center for Communications and ComputingĬaptured Iraqi documents have uncovered evidence that links the regime of Saddam Hussein to regional and global terrorism, including a variety of revolutionary, liberation, nationalist, and Islamic terrorist organizations.Science and Technology Policy Institute.Tab will move on to the next part of the site rather than go through menu items. Enter and space open menus and escape closes them as well. Up and Down arrows will open main level menus and toggle through sub tier links. Left and right arrows move across top level links and expand / close menus in sub levels. The site navigation utilizes arrow, enter, escape, and space bar key commands.
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